论文总字数：30354字

摘 要

中国作为一个农业大国，农产品出口贸易在经济发展中扮演着重要的角色。而欧盟作为世界上发达的经济体，一直是中国出口农产品的主要市场。世贸组织为了促进贸易与环境可持续发展，允许其成员国通过制定法规，采取限制措施以抵制危害环境的贸易，从而达到保护环境、节约资源、保障人类利益的目的。欧盟自2001年以来实行了越来越严苛的绿色贸易壁垒制度，制定了越来越复杂的环保标准并且针对农产品进口贸易也采取了十分严格的规制措施。中国是欧盟最大的农产品贸易国，相关企业及产品首当其冲遭受到了严重的影响。虽然从2002年到2016年，中国出口欧盟农产品贸易额呈现不断上升的趋势，但欧盟绿色贸易壁垒对我国出口的波及每年都造成相当于当年出口额20%的损失。因此找到中国农产品遭受绿色贸易壁垒的成因，分析绿色贸易壁垒对我国农产品出口的影响，提出应对绿色贸易壁垒的对策是亟待解决的。

茶叶是我国主要的出口大宗农产品，在我国出口贸易中占据主导地位，也是本文主要的研究对象。本文首先对国内外学者对绿色贸易壁垒的研究进行归纳；其次分析中国农产品的出口现状、欧盟绿色贸易壁垒现状及其对中国农产品出口的影响；接着整理出2002年到2016年间中欧茶叶贸易的数据。对欧盟绿色贸易壁垒对中国农产品出口的影响进行实证分析，得出以下结论：一，欧盟绿色贸易壁垒对中国农产品出口有影响，绿色贸易壁垒的严格程度与中国农产品出口额呈反比；二，随着中国农产品农残MRL检测标准的不断提升，绿色贸易壁垒不再是影响农产品尤其是茶叶制品出口的主要因素。最后本文针对现状提出应对绿色贸易壁垒的对策建议：一，政府积极推进现代化农场的建设、健全农产品出口应对机制、开展多元化的农产品贸易；二，加强对绿色贸易壁垒的了解，学习发达地区国家技术经验、建立出口农产品品牌，加大出口前MRL检验的力度以满足绿色贸易壁垒标准。

关键词：欧盟绿色贸易壁垒；农产品贸易；茶叶出口

Impact of EU Green Trade Barriers on Export of China"s Agricultural Products
-- Take export tea as an example

Abstract

As an agricultural country, China"s export of agricultural products plays an important role in economic development. As a developed economy in the world, the EU has always been the main market for China"s exports of agricultural products. In order to promote the sustainable development of trade and environment, WTO should allow its member states to make laws and regulations and take restrictive measures to resist trade harming the environment so as to achieve the goal of protecting the environment, saving resources and safeguarding human interests. The EU has imposed more stringent green trade barriers since 2001, has formulated more and more complicated environmental protection standards and has adopted very strict regulatory measures on the import of agricultural products. As the largest trading country of agricultural products of the EU, China has taken the brunt of related enterprises and manufactured products. From 2006 to 2015, the trade volume of China"s agricultural exports to the EU showed a rising trend. However, the impact of the EU"s green trade barriers on China"s exports each year caused a loss equivalent to 20% of that year"s exports. Therefore, it is necessary to find out the causes of China"s agricultural products being exposed to green trade barriers, analyze the impact of green trade barriers on China"s agricultural exports, and propose measures to deal with green trade barriers.

Tea is one of the main trade objects of China"s export trade and occupies the leading position in China"s export trade. It is also the main research object of this paper in the agricultural products. First of all, this paper summarizes the research on green trade barriers both at home and abroad; secondly, analyzes the current situation of China"s agricultural exports, the current situation of the EU"s green trade barriers and its impact on the restriction of China"s agricultural exports; then sorts out the trade between China and the EU tea from 2007 to 2016 data. The empirical analysis of the impact of the EU green trade barriers on China"s agricultural exports concluded the following conclusions: First, the EU"s green trade barriers have an impact on China"s exports of agricultural products, and the stringency of green trade barriers is inversely proportional to China"s exports of agricultural products. With the continuous improvement of MRL detection standards for pesticide residues in agricultural products in China, green trade barriers are no longer the main factors that affect the export of agricultural products, especially tea products. Finally, the paper puts forward countermeasures and suggestions on how to deal with the green trade barriers according to the status quo: First, the government actively promotes the construction of modern farms, perfects the agricultural export response mechanism and diversified agricultural products trade; Second, strengthens the understanding of green trade barriers and studies the developed countries Technical experience, the establishment of export brand of agricultural products, increase export MRL inspection efforts to meet the standards of green trade barriers.

Keywords: EU green trade barriers; agricultural trade; tea exports

目 录

摘 要 I

Abstract II

第一章 绪 论 1

1.1 研究背景及意义 1

1.2 国内外研究现状和发展趋势 2

1.2.1国内外文献综述 2

1.2.2评述 3

1.3 研究思路与研究方法 3

1.3.1 研究思路 3

1.3.2 研究方法 3

第二章 理论基础 4

2.1 绿色贸易壁垒的概念与形式 4

2.1.1 绿色贸易壁垒的概念 4

2.1.2 绿色贸易壁垒的主要形式 4

2.2 绿色贸易壁垒的作用机制 5

2.2.1 价格控制机制 5

2.2.2 数量控制机制 5

第三章 中欧农产品贸易发展现状及欧盟绿色贸易壁垒概况 6

3.1 中国农产品出口现状 6

3.1.1 中国农业出口整体现状 6

3.1.2 中国对欧盟农产品出口现状 8

3.2 欧盟农业发展现状及农产品进口现状 8

3.2.1欧盟农业发展现状 8

3.2.2 欧盟农产品进口现状 9

3.3 欧盟绿色贸易壁垒概况及引起的问题 10

3.3.1 欧盟绿色壁垒体系 10

3.3.2 欧盟绿色贸易壁垒体系引起的问题 10

第四章 欧盟绿色贸易壁垒对中国农产品出口影响研究--以茶叶为例 13

4.1 选用茶叶的意义 13

4.2 实证分析 14

4.2.1 数据整理 14

4.2.2 变量选取 15

4.2.3 模型建立 16

4.2.4 计量方法 16

4.2.5 回归结果 16

4.3 数据分析 17

4.3.1 欧盟农残标准MRL变化对茶叶贸易影响 17

4.3.2 两国GDP及货币汇率对茶叶贸易影响 18

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