论文总字数：18522字

摘 要

2011年，南非加入“金砖四国”，形成了一个新兴经济体系——“金砖国家”。金砖国家之间的合作引起了世界各国的广泛关注，第九次厦门领导人会晤刚刚在厦门落下了帷幕，习近平强调要确立中国与金砖国家贸易伙伴关系，加深中国与金砖国家之间的双边贸易合作。

中国与金砖国家之间存在贸易竞争性和互补性，研究中国与金砖国家之间的双边贸易模式，有利于促进中国制定合适的贸易政策，促进中国对外贸易的发展。本文首先了解了中国如今的对外贸易发展特点，还综合了国内外学者的对于中国贸易竞争性和互补性与中国与金砖国家之间贸易发展的不同观点，在此基础上，结合所能收集到的各项数据，对中国与金砖国家之间贸易竞争性和互补性进行深入分析，运用分析、理论结合实践的研究方法，结合本国的具体国情，最后提出有关中国与金砖国家之间贸易优化的措施与方法。

本文的结论如下：第一，要抓住机遇，着力发展与巴西的经贸合作；第二要优化进出口商品结构，提升中印的经贸合作水平，引导投资向印度医药、节能环保等的高端领域转移；第三以俄“入世”为契机，加强交流、优势互补，努力提升中俄贸易战略协作伙伴关系，开辟新的合作领域、探索新的合作发展模式，提高双边贸易合作水平；第四，以资源能源领域合作为依托，全面拓展中国与南非贸易往来。促进中国与其他金砖国家之间的贸易发展，促进中国经济发展。

关键词：金砖国家；竞争性；互补性

China"s Research on The Competitiveness And Complementarity of Foreign Trade
——Take the BRICS as an example

Abstract

In 2011, South Africa joined the brics and formed a new economic system called the brics. The cooperation among the brics countries caused the wide attention from all over the world, the ninth summit meeting in xiamen just came to a close in xiamen, xi stressed to establish trade partnership, China and the bric countries to deepen bilateral trade cooperation between China and the bric countries.

Between China and the brics trade competitive and complementary, research of the bilateral trade between China and the brics pattern, is conducive to China"s trade policies, formulate appropriate to promote the development of China"s foreign trade. In this paper, first of all to understand the characteristics of foreign trade development in China now, also a combination of domestic and foreign scholars on China"s trade competitive and complementary with different aspects of the trade development between China and the bric countries, on this basis, combining can collected data, the trade between China and the bric countries competitive and complementary analysis, by using the theory of analysis, combined with the practice of research methods, combined with its own specific national conditions, finally put forward measures on trade between China and the brics optimization and the method.

The conclusions of this paper are as follows: firstly, we should seize the opportunity to develop economic and trade cooperation with Brazil. Second, we need to optimize the structure of import and export commodities, upgrade the level of economic and trade cooperation between China and India, and guide the transfer of investment to high-end sectors such as Indian medicine and energy conservation and environmental protection. The third in the "wto" as an opportunity to strengthen exchanges, complementary advantages, efforts to promote trade between China and Russia strategic partnership of coordination, open up new areas of cooperation and explore new cooperation development mode, improve the level of bilateral trade cooperation. Fourth, we will expand China"s trade with South Africa on the basis of cooperation in the field of resources and energy. Promote trade development between China and other brics countries and promote China"s economic development.

Keywords: BRICS；Competitiveness；Complementarity

目 录

摘 要 I

Abstract II

第一章 绪 论 1

1.1 研究背景 1

1.2 研究的意义 1

1.3 研究思路及内容 2

1.4 论文框架 2

第二章 文献综述 4

第三章 金砖五国 5

3.1 金砖五国概况 5

3.2 宏观经济状况 5

3.3 货币政策 6

3.4 金融市场 6

3.5 面临问题 6

第四章 中国对外贸易发展概述及特点及中国与金砖国家双边贸易情况 8

4.1 中国对外贸易发展概述及特点 8

4.2 中国与金砖国家双边贸易情况 9

第五章 中国与金砖国家贸易竞争性与互补性分析 12

5.1 中国与金砖国家贸易互补性分析 11

5.2 竞争性分析 11

5.2.1 竞争性的相关计量方法 11

5.2.2 中国与金砖国家贸易竞争性 12

5.3 互补性分析 12

5.3.1 互补性的相关计量方法 12

5.3.2 中国与金砖国家贸易互补性 13

第六章 结论及建议 15

6.1 存在的问题 15

6.2 对策 15

结 论 17

致 谢 18

参考文献. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19

第一章 绪 论

1.1 研究背景

随着全球出现金融危机，由中国、印度、巴西、南非和俄罗斯组成的金砖国家经济体促进了全球的经济发展，缓解金融危机。在2017年厦门召开的第九次金砖国家会议受到各国极大的重视。“深化金砖伙伴关系，开辟更加光明未来”是本次会议的课题，针对各国合作、国家所处环境、全球热点等问题，各国做了相关交流。在全球，金砖国家形成的经济体所起到的作用愈发的重要。

在合作的十来年里，包容开放、合作共赢一直是金砖国家所推崇的，各国同心协力，共同为国家将来的发展统筹规划，勾画蓝图。习近平同志在会议上做了重要的总结，对于金砖国家的合作给与了极高的赞赏，并规划了下一个合作的十年，让金砖国家都从中受益。

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