大学生创业融资支持体系研究——基于中美的对比毕业论文

 2021-04-08 12:04

摘 要

随着中国高校近二十年的扩招,中国每年应届毕业生数量逐年递增,大学生就业压力越来越大,就业难问题日益严峻。在新的社会形势下,自主创业、自谋职业、灵活就业成了大学生就业的新途径。大学生创业不仅可以缓解就业难问题,推动宏观经济运行,对于大学生个体而言,创业行为在为大学生增加物质收入的同时,培养了大学生的创新意识、增强了大学生的综合能力。正是由于大学生创业行为有着重要的意义和作用,大学生创业才逐渐得到社会的认可和重视。但由于中国大学生自身能力不足、宏观环境不完善等因素,融资难成了大学生创业的关键瓶颈。美国的大学生创业支持体系发展时间长,制度完善,使得美国中小企业得以迅速发展。

本文在国内外研究和相关理论的基础上,结合大学生创业融资特点,构建三维大学生创业融资支持体系,通过对比分析中美两国特点,对中国的大学生创业融资支持体系提出建议和意见。全文共分为七个章节。第一章,综合运用文献研究法、比较分析法、归纳法等多种研究方法,分析整理国内外对于大学生创业融资支持体系研究的现状和成果,为后文奠定基础。第二章,对大学生创业融资支持体系中的重要术语进行界定,明确其含义和范围,并整理创业融资相关理论,为后文构建三维融资支持体系奠定理论基础。第三章,在分析大学生创业融资的特点后,结合国内外相关研究和融资理论,构建三维支持体系,将对大学生创业融资的支持分为三个维度:参与主体维、支持内容维、企业周期维,三维金字塔内部不同单元需要相互联系、相互协调,不同维度必须协同运作,构成一个立体的有机体,才可使大学生创业融资支持体系高效地发挥作用。第四章,通过分析中美两国政府在创业教育、创业政策、创业服务方面支持的特点,对中美两国政府扶持进行对比评价。第五章,通过分析中美两国高校在创业教育、创业服务方面支持的特点,对中美两国高校扶持进行对比评价。第六章,通过分析中美两国社会对大学生创业融资扶持的特点,对中美两国社会扶持进行对比评价。第七章,根据中美两国的对比,对中国大学生创业融资支持体系提出建议和意见。第八章,提出本文不足和讨论以后研究方向。

关键词:大学生创业;融资;中国;美国

Research on the system of College Students' Entrepreneurship financing support

Based on the comparison between China and the United States

ABSTRACT

With nearly twenty years of expending enrollment in colleges and universities of our country, the number of graduates increased year by year. The employment pressure is more and more big, difficult employment has become an increasingly serious problem. Self employment, self occupation, flexible employment have become new ways for the university students to get a job. Entrepreneurship of students can not only alleviate the difficult employment problem, but also promote the macro economic operation,.For individual students, the practice can increase the material income, at the same time, it also benefits the cultivation of their innovative consciousness, and enhance the comprehensive ability.So significance and effect of college students' entrepreneurship are gradually get the attention of the society. But because the students in our country lack relative abilities and the macro environment is not perfect, financing has become a key bottleneck in the process of entrepreneurship of college students. The support system of college students' entrepreneurship in America has been developing for a long time, because of this, they have got a perfect system.The multi-linkage support makes America the rapid development of small and medium enterprises.

On the basis of relative researches at home and abroad and related theories, we construct a 3D support system. Through the comparative analysis of the two countries, we put forward some suggestions for college students entrepreneurship financing support system of our country . The full paper is divided into seven chapters. In the first chapter, we integrate literature research method, comparative analysis of different research methods and induction, to analyse the domestic and foreign status and achievements of venture capital financing support system of college students, which lays the foundation for later. In the second chapter, we define some important terms in the entrepreneurial financing support system, clarifying the meaning and scope and organizing the venture financing related theory, which gives three-dimensional financing support system a theoretical basis. In the third chapter, the analysis of the characteristics of college students venture financing, combining domestic and foreign research and financing theory, constructs the 3D support system to support the entrepreneurship of college students. The system is divided into three dimensions: the main body dimension, support content dimension, enterprise lifecycle dimension. Three different units within the pyramid system need to contact with each other, and different dimensions must have the collaborative operation and mutual coordination to form a three-dimensional organism. In the fourth chapter, through analysing the characteristics of the two governments in entrepreneurship education, entrepreneurship policy, business service support, we give a comparative evaluation of Sino US government support. In the fifth chapter, through analysing the function of the Chinese and American universities in entrepreneurship education, entrepreneurship support content characteristics, we give a comparative evaluation of the support of Sino US university. In the sixth chapter, through analysing the characteristics of social support of the two countries, we give a Sino US Comparative evaluation social support. In the seventh chapter, according to the comparison of our country college students financial support system between the two countries, we put forward some suggestions.

Key words:Entrepreneurship of college students; Financing; China; America

目 录

1 绪论 - 1 -

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