摘 要

《多哈宣言》第32（III）段中规定,“降低或者适当消除相关环境产品和服务的关税和非关税壁垒”。这项规定给环境商品带来了更多的、更加有利的优惠政策，促使环境产品在各国市场上的自由流通。随环境产品贸易自由化的不断发展，环境产品贸易在世界范围内的日渐增长，发展速度相当迅猛。这也成为全球必须密切关注的一个话题。

2001年，自从我国加入WTO后，关税与非关税壁垒大幅度降低，各行业的贸易自由化程度呈现不断扩大的趋势，经济发展势头迅猛。然而，伴随自由贸易促进经济增长的同时是日益严重的环境问题，极端天气的频繁发生、温室效应、雾霾、土地及森林植被遭受严重破坏等问题日渐突出，不容忽视。实施环境产品贸易自由化对实现贸易和环境的共赢起着非常重要的作用，然而有些国家基于自身国情不得不减缓它的进程，对环境产品贸易自由化所产生的影响的深入探讨和研究就显得尤为重要。因而本文将研究环境产品贸易自由化对全球的影响以及这个大趋势、大背景下中国环境产品的出口竞争优势，给我国的贸易和环境政策的提出可行的修改和制定方案，促进实现贸易和环境的双赢。

本文首先基于环境产品涵义，然后以环境经济、自由贸易理论为主要理论基础；以环境产品为载体，提高中国环境产品出口竞争力为目标来建立理论传导机制；阐明环境产品的概念，为之后的研究与分析奠定基础。其次，本文对发达国家、发展中国家以及中国的环境产品对外贸易现状进行归纳和总结，以中国环境产品出口贸易为现实背景，为下文中国环境产品出口竞争力的研究提供事实基础的支持。最后，针对上述理论与实证分析的结果，从宏观政府层面到行业协会，再到微观企业方面提出合理、可行、有针对性的对策和建议。

关键词：环境产品；贸易自由化；发展中国家；竞争力

Research on the Impact of Liberalization Trade of Environmental Goods and Competitiveness of China’s Export Trade

ABSTRACT

In the thirty-second (III) paragraph of the Doha declaration in 2001, requires the member states to reduce or eliminate the tariff and non-tariff barriers of the relevant environmental products and services. This provision gives more preferential policies to environmental goods, promotes the free flow of environmental products in countries around the world. With the development of environment products trade liberalization, environment products trade grows rapidly in the world. This has become a topic of global concern.

Since China joined WTO in 2001, the tariff and non-tariff barriers have been greatly reduced, the trade liberalization in various industries has been expanding rapidly, and the economy is developing rapidly. However, with free trade promoting economic growth comes the increasingly serious environmental problems, the frequent occurrence of extreme weather, the greenhouse effect, haze, land and forest vegetation suffering serious damage as well as a large number of wildlife extinction etc. These issues have become increasingly prominent. Implementation of liberalization of trade in environmental products can achieve a win-win between trade and environment, but some countries, out of their own national conditions, have to make the process slow, the importance of an in-depth study of environmental products trade liberalization of the effect on the importing countries is evident. So in this thesis, through analysis of environmental products trade liberalization effects on import countries, the impact of environmental products trade liberalization of the world and the trend of Chinese environmental products and competitive advantage, put forward suggestions and basis to promote trade and environment to achieve a win-win situation for China’s trade policy and environmental policy making.

Firstly, on the basis of defining the meaning of environmental products, use environmental economic theory, the theory of free trade as the main theoretical as basis; use environmental production as the carrier, through free trade, to improve the export competitiveness of Chinese environmental products， established theory of conduction mechanism; clarify the conceptual problems of environmental products, lay theoretical basis for the following research and analysis. Secondly, through developed countries’, developing countries’ and China’s environmental products, make induction and summary of foreign trade status, clear Chinese environmental products export trade background, provide support for China’s environmental products export competitiveness influencing factors below. Finally, based on the above theoretical and empirical analysis, from the macro aspects of government participating in the WTO negotiations, reform of the financing policy, to the level of industry associations to coordinate the contradiction, to protect the rights and interests, to micro enterprises adjusting the production structure, the implementation of clean production, put forward a reasonable, feasible, and the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions.

Key words:Environmental Goods;Liberalization Trade; Developing Countries;

Competitiveness

目 录

1 绪论 1

1.1 选题背景 1

1.2 选题意义 2

1.3 国内外相关文献研究综述 3

1.3.1 环境产品贸易自由化问题相关研究 3

1.3.2 环境产品贸易自由化对世界影响相关研究 4

1.3.3 中国环境产品出口竞争力相关研究 5

1.4 研究方法 5

1.5 论文结构安排 6

1.6 论文的创新点与不足之处 7

1.6.1 论文的创新点 7

1.6.2 论文的不足之处 8

2 概念界定与理论综述 9

2.1 环境产品及相关概念界定 9

2.1.1 环境产品的概念 9

2.1.2 环境产品的界定 9

2.2 环境产品贸易自由化的特点及作用 10

2.2.1 环境产品贸易自由化的特点 10